Elon Musk, the chief executive officer of SpaceX, has pushed back against a projection from Goldman Sachs, suggesting the firm's estimate for the global space economy reaching $1.8 trillion by 2035 is far too modest. He believes that breakthroughs in reusable rockets, satellite constellations, and orbital computing technologies could unlock a significantly larger market.
"It will be much bigger," Musk said on Tuesday in response to a user post on X that highlighted the bank's latest report, titled "The Second Space Age." In that report, Goldman Sachs argues that space is emerging as a "new pillar of the industrial economy," driven by falling launch costs, growing private capital, and commercial infrastructure that is reshaping an industry once dominated by governments.
The report projects the global space economy will reach $1.8 trillion by 2035, noting that over $55 billion has already flowed into the space ecosystem in 2025. Goldman Sachs attributes the cost decline to advancements in reusable rocket technology, which have slashed launch expenses from roughly $55,000 per kilogram during the Space Shuttle era to about $3,000 per kilogram today.
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