China's energy security is crucial for the overall development of its economy and society. The 15th Five-Year Plan sets a target for the nation's comprehensive energy production capacity to reach 5.8 billion metric tons of standard coal equivalent by 2030. Important strategic deployments to implement a new energy security strategy, accelerate the establishment of a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient modern energy system, and build a strong energy nation are outlined below.
In the oil sector, the refined oil pricing mechanism will be improved. China will maintain self-sufficiency in meeting core oil and gas demand and implement a medium to long-term strategy to increase reserves and production, aiming to keep annual crude oil output stable at around 200 million tons. Coordination between government and corporate reserves will be strengthened to expand the scale of national petroleum reserves, and major projects for oil storage will be developed.
For coal, policies for regulating coal prices within a target range will be refined. A series of demonstration projects for low-carbon transformation of coal-fired power units, including biomass co-firing and green ammonia blending, will be established. Comprehensive low-carbon upgrades for coal chemical projects will be fully implemented. Clean替代 of coal-fired boilers and industrial kilns in sectors such as food, textiles, and papermaking will be promoted. Annual coal consumption substitution is targeted to reach 30 million tons. The coal reserve system will be enhanced.
Regarding natural gas, pricing reforms will be deepened. Construction of the China-Russia Far East natural gas pipeline and the second line of the Sichuan-to-East China gas pipeline will proceed, with preparatory work advancing for the China-Russia central gas pipeline. Oil and gas bases in the Ordos Basin, Xinjiang, and Bohai Bay, along with natural gas bases in Sichuan-Chongqing and the East China Sea, will be developed. Gas storage facilities such as Daqing Shengping, Changqing Yulin Leilongwan, Southwest Wanshunchang, and Xinjiang Baolang will be established.
For hydropower and integrated water-wind-solar systems, the construction of hydropower projects on the lower reaches of the Yarlung Tsangpo River will be advanced safely and orderly. Integrated base developments combining hydropower, wind, and solar power in basins such as the Yalong River, upper Jinsha River, upper Lancang River, and southeastern Tibet (Yucha) will be promoted. Hydropower stations including Cihaxia will be built, and planning for hydropower development on the Nujiang River will be studied. Pumped storage power stations will be constructed in regions with suitable site conditions and significant load regulation needs, adding approximately 100 gigawatts of new installed capacity.
In wind and solar power, large-scale bases primarily for electricity transmission will be developed, focusing on deserts such as Kubuqi, Ulan Buh, Tengger, and Badain Jaran, supplemented by other desert, Gobi, and arid areas. Construction of new energy bases in Xinjiang, the upper Yellow River, the Hexi Corridor, the Yellow River bend region, northern Hebei, and the Songliao Basin will continue. Offshore wind power bases will be established in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea, with standardized development of deep-sea wind projects. Cumulative grid-connected offshore wind capacity is expected to exceed 100 gigawatts.
Coastal nuclear power projects will be advanced actively and safely, targeting installed operational capacity of around 110 gigawatts. Nuclear energy applications will be promoted based on local conditions. A demonstration project for small pressurized water reactors will be completed, and research, development, and demonstration of fourth-generation reactor technologies will be steadily advanced.
In power resource allocation, efforts will focus on building a new-type power system to enhance complementarity, security, and resilience nationwide. Inter-regional power transmission layouts and cross-regional corridors will be optimized, smart grid construction accelerated, and urban-rural distribution networks improved. Electrification of end-use energy consumption will be increased to promote greener, low-carbon energy use. A unified national electricity market system will be largely established, and coordinated layout of green power and computing resources will be encouraged. Emergency power dispatch mechanisms and backup power configuration will be refined.
Transmission channels for clean energy bases in Inner Mongolia, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang, and Tibet will be developed, boosting west-to-east power transmission capacity to over 420 gigawatts. Inter-provincial and cross-grid power mutual assistance will be strengthened through projects such as Fujian-Jiangxi, Anhui-Hubei, Shandong-Jiangsu, Chongqing-Guizhou, Hunan-Guizhou, and Hunan-Guangdong, optimizing power resource allocation.
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