Green "Tunban Liang" refers to achieving a stable annual yield of over 1.5 tonnes per mu, or over 90% of the region's yield potential, for a two-crop system of wheat-corn or rice-wheat on one mu of farmland. This is accomplished through a comprehensive, green, high-yield, and efficient technology chain covering soil, fertilizer, water, seeds, and management, along with innovations in green, intelligent fertilizer products. It simultaneously achieves cost savings and increased income, reduced fertilizer and water usage, and lower pollution and carbon emissions.
On June 2nd, the 138-mu core demonstration plot for "Anhui Rice-Wheat Green Tunban Liang Creation and Green Low-Carbon Technology" in Yangzhuang Village, Jiangdianzi Town, Yingshang County, welcomed its wheat harvest. An expert team from multiple institutions, including Anhui Agricultural University, the Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the Fuyang Agricultural Technology Extension Center, and the Yingshang County Agricultural Green Development Promotion Center, selected a 5.9-mu plot for actual harvest yield measurement. After impurity removal and conversion to a 13.0% national standard moisture content, the wheat yield reached 679.4 kilograms per mu. Combined with the rice yield of 826 kilograms per mu from the same plot last autumn, the demonstration plot's annual grain yield per mu exceeded 1,500 kilograms, achieving the high-yield target of annual "Tunban Liang."
In July 2025, Academician Zhang Fusuo, a professor at China Agricultural University and a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, led the establishment of the National Green Tunban Liang Collaboration Network. This network focuses on three major annual cropping systems—wheat-corn in North China, spring corn in western oases, and rice-wheat in the Jianghuai region—to carry out extensive innovation, demonstration, and promotion of the "Green Tunban Liang" model. As one of the network's founding members, the Soil and Fertilizer Institute of the Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, in collaboration with China Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University, the National Agricultural Green Development Long-term Fixed Observation Yingshang Experimental Station, and local agricultural technology extension departments, has established four rice-wheat annual green Tunban Liang high-yield demonstration plots in Yingshang County, Fengtai County, Panji District, and Wuhe County.
The demonstration plots focus on enhancing annual production capacity. Through the integrated and systematic application of innovations such as high-yield varieties, annual "dry plowing and water rotary tillage" efficient land preparation techniques, construction of high-quality healthy plant communities, combination of organic and inorganic nutrients, new specialized fertilizers and precise management, and late-stage foliar nutrient regulation, they have overcome the structural bottlenecks of "fragmented" single technologies in rice and wheat production. This balances the "resources-environment-output" relationship and achieves "increased yield each season and high annual yield" in rice and wheat production.
"Unlike ordinary high-yield cultivation models, the most significant highlight of the Yingshang demonstration area is its dual focus on stable yield increase and green ecology, achieving near-zero nitrogen surplus in rice and wheat production," explained Sun Yixiang, a researcher at the Soil and Fertilizer Institute of the Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences. On-site nutrient accounting data shows that the demonstration field applied 17.4 kilograms of pure nitrogen per mu for wheat. Based on the standard of 2.6 kilograms of nitrogen uptake per 100 kilograms of grain, the total nitrogen uptake by the entire crop plant was 17.7 kilograms. The nitrogen fertilizer input was essentially balanced with the wheat's nitrogen uptake, leaving no excess nitrogen residue in the soil.
Empowered by advanced integrated technologies, the economic benefits of cultivation continue to rise. "The annual yield of rice and wheat per mu in the demonstration plot is 300 kilograms higher than in conventional fields, significantly boosting grain production capacity and farmers' planting income. Currently, this set of green, high-quality, and efficient cultivation models has driven demonstration applications by over ten large-scale local growers and is steadily expanding its promotion scope," said Wang Guanjun, head of the Yingshang County Agricultural Green Development Promotion Center.
"The aforementioned standardized cultivation techniques are suitable for the main rice-wheat production areas along the Huai River in Anhui and Jiangsu provinces. They are promotable and offer excellent benefits," stated Sun Yixiang. He indicated that after full-scale promotion, these techniques will effectively enhance regional comprehensive grain production capacity, assist in the green and low-carbon transformation of agriculture, and lay a technical foundation while creating a benchmark model for high-quality green grain production in the Yangtze River Delta region.
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