苹果遭“打脸”：iPhone被间谍软件“攻破”

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苹果遭“打脸”：iPhone被间谍软件“攻破”

CSDN2021-07-21

上周末，国外多家知名媒体共同披露了一款名为“飞马（Pegasus）”的手机间谍软件——由以色列软件监控公司 NSO 开发，用于监视记者、律师和政治家等较有影响力的人。据报道，“飞马”一旦侵入手机，就可以在使用者不知情的情况下，提取短信、照片、电子邮件，对通话进行录音，远程开启手机的麦克风和摄像头，对用户隐私造成极大威胁。此次“飞马”的入侵范围更是遍布全球 50 多个国家，可能被监控人数高达 5 ...

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ev317
·2021-07-21
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Jackiesoh870
·2021-07-21
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kelvinlim
·2021-07-21
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chankokkeng
·2021-07-21
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woaixuexi
·2021-07-21
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·2021-07-21
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名著名人权活动家和多位国家元首及总理。\n一般来说，这种间谍软件都会向用户发送一条点击即“中招”的恶意链接，因此用户只要不点击未知链接就能有效避免此类隐患。但调查专家发现，目前的“飞马”显然是升级版本——即使用户不点击链接，“飞马”依旧可以神不知鬼不觉地入侵目标对象的手机，进行各种间谍监控活动。因此，《卫报》认为“飞马”可能是迄今为止“最强的间谍软件”：一旦成功安装，手机就会成为“24 小时监控设备”。\n经 Amnesty International 测试调查，有数千部 iPhone 被列为“飞马”的潜在目标，但目前无法确认具体有多少已被成功入侵。但 Amnesty International 技术部门副主任 Danna Ingleton 认为这已足够引起重视：“数以千计的 iPhone 可能已遭到入侵。这是一个全球性的问题——每个人都面临风险，甚至像苹果这样的科技巨头也无法应对目前的大规模监控。”\n虽然入侵 iPhone 的途径有多种，但其中大多数专家都认为，向来号称“安全”的 iPhone 有一个最大的漏洞：iMessage。\n讽刺的是，苹果今年早些时候还曾试图加强 iMessage 的安全性，创建了一个名为 BlastDoor 的功能，以筛选摒除进入手机的可疑信息。目前看来，这个举措并没有保障 iPhone 用户的安全。\n对此，多伦多大学网络安全分析师部门 Citizen Lab 的研究员 Bill Marczak 说：“'飞马'可通过 iMessage 入侵苹果最新版本的 iOS，所以很明显 NSO 击败了 BlastDoor。”\nMac 安全开发公司 Objective-See 创始人 Patrick Wardle 也认为苹果一直引以为豪的安全功能是一把双刃剑：“iMessage 是端到端加密的，这就意味着没有人会发现你引入的漏洞，对攻击者而言这简直就是绝佳的入侵环境。”\n这种不透明的制度令研究人员很难检查 iPhone 的内部情况。“除非特别不走运，不然攻击者植入在手机上的软件根本不会被发现。”Patrick Wardle 补充道。\n二、苹果谴责“飞马”，NSO 全盘否认\n针对此事，苹果在强调 iPhone 安全性的同时，还公开谴责了“飞马”的网络攻击行为：“苹果明确谴责针对记者、人权活动家和其他寻求让世界变得更美好的人的网络攻击。十多年来，苹果在安全创新方面一直处于行业领先地位，因此，安全研究人员一致认为 iPhone 是市场上最安全的移动设备。”\n此外，苹果认为“飞马”这类间谍软件的攻击非常复杂，开发成本应需数百万美元，因此“保质期”通常较短，并且针对特定的个人，不会对绝大多数的苹果用户造成威胁。不过苹果也表示：“我们将继续努力保护所有客户，不断为他们的设备和数据添加新的保护措施。”\n与此同时，“飞马”的开发公司 NSO 却对此事全盘否认，指控各家媒体的报道“充满错误的假设和未经证实的理论”，斥责他们“夸大其词”、“缺乏事实依据”，质疑他们信息来源的可靠性和真实性。NSO 为此还发布了一则声明：“‘飞马’是专门用于对抗罪犯和恐怖分子的软件，我们只会把‘飞马’出售给那些有良好人权记录的军方、执法和情报部门。”\n三、确认手机是否被“飞马”监听\n虽然如苹果所说，“飞马”不会对大多数普通用户构成威胁，但 Amnesty International 还是为此开发了名为 Mobile Verification Toolkit（MVT）的工具，以帮助用户确认自己的手机是否遭到了“飞马”的监听，目前适用于 Android 和 iOS 系统。不过 Amnesty International 补充道，MVT 对  iPhone 的检测更为准确。\n（MVT 的 GitHub 地址：https://github.com/AmnestyTech/investigations/tree/master/2021-07-18_nso）\n据介绍，MVT 将让用户获取整个 iPhone 备份（如果你的手机越狱，则进行完整的系统转储），而一旦启动程序，MVT 就会扫描用户的 iPhone 备份文件以查找任何被入侵的证据。这个过程大约需要一两分钟，然后在文件夹中生成几个文件，其中包含扫描结果。如果 MVT 发现手机疑似被入侵的迹象，会在输出的文件中说明。\n不过需要强调一点，MVT 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