特斯拉不哭：炒币小亏、卖车大赚

深燃2021-07-27

特斯拉迎来了2021年第二季度的财报。数据显示，特斯拉第二季度营收为119.58亿美元，比去年同期的60.36亿美元增长98%；净利润为11.42亿美元。净利润这一数字高得惊人，它是第一季度净利润4.38亿美元的两倍多，是去年同期净利润的10 倍以上。值得注意的是，这一季度，特斯拉碳积分收入仅为3.54亿美元，即使不计算这笔收入，特斯拉靠卖车和卖能源产品依旧实现了盈利。这样的增长，主要得益于...

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href=https://cj.sina.cn/article/normal_detail?url=http://finance.sina.com.cn/tech/csj/2021-07-27/doc-ikqciyzk7889618.shtml><strong>深燃</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>特斯拉迎来了2021年第二季度的财报。\n数据显示，特斯拉第二季度营收为119.58亿美元，比去年同期的60.36亿美元增长98%；净利润为11.42亿美元。\n净利润这一数字高得惊人，它是第一季度净利润4.38亿美元的两倍多，是去年同期净利润的10 倍以上。值得注意的是，这一季度，特斯拉碳积分收入仅为3.54亿美元，即使不计算这笔收入，特斯拉靠卖车和卖能源产品依旧实现了盈利。\n这样的增长，主要得益于...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://cj.sina.cn/article/normal_detail?url=http://finance.sina.com.cn/tech/csj/2021-07-27/doc-ikqciyzk7889618.shtml\">Source Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","isBrief":false,"type":0,"news_type":1,"symbol":"TSLA","symbol_name":"特斯拉","start_time":0,"source_url":"https://cj.sina.cn/article/normal_detail?url=http://finance.sina.com.cn/tech/csj/2021-07-27/doc-ikqciyzk7889618.shtml","article_id":"2154993281","we_media_id":null,"thumbnails":["https://static.tigerbbs.com/32ac77fb22ba25c0efa274ba314ca73a"],"rights":null,"url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=2154993281","pubTimestamp":1627358219,"sourceInfo":{"source_id":"lsy1598506047654","name":"深燃"},"weMediaInfo":null,"summary":"特斯拉迎来了2021年第二季度的财报。\n数据显示，特斯拉第二季度营收为119.58亿美元，比去年同期的60.36亿美元增长98%；净利润为11.42亿美元。\n净利润这一数字高得惊人，它是第一季度净利润","collect":0,"end_time":0,"defaultTopTitle":"sina.cn","property":[],"viewcount":null,"language":"zh","relate_stocks":{"TSLA":"特斯拉"},"translate_title":"Tesla Motors doesn't cry: speculating money is a small loss, and selling cars makes a lot of 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要点概览1、二季度，特斯拉中国区的销量环比下滑，刹车失灵等安全事故对特斯拉的负面影响开始逐渐显现。2、二季度对于特斯拉具有里程碑式的意义，特斯拉第一次靠着卖车和卖能源产品真正实现了盈利。3、特斯拉二季度炒比特币亏损2300万美元。4、特斯拉的得克萨斯州工厂以及柏林工厂有望今年开工，但具体什么时候开工，马斯克自己也没能说清。\n\n全球销量大涨，但中国销量下降\n2021年第二季度，特斯拉交付量再创新高——20.12万辆。这也是特斯拉首次在一个季度内交付超过20万辆汽车。\n加上一季度交付的18.48万辆，上半年，特斯拉电动车的交付总量达到38.6万辆，这是一个非常好的成绩，已完成年交付75万辆目标的一半。\n但就中国区来看，情况不容乐观。特斯拉的财报中通常只披露全球数据。根据乘联会数据，特斯拉6月的零售销量为28138辆，这一销量对比5月份的21936辆有所增长。但是依旧没能回到3月份的水平。\n特斯拉今年3月交付35478辆，创历史纪录。但4月份发生了“刹车失灵”维权事件，自此之后，特斯拉在中国区的销量就开始走下坡路，尤其是4月份，销量暴跌了67%，当月只交付了11671辆。也是因为近3个月的销量下滑，特斯拉2021年第二季度在中国区的零售销量为6.17万，比一季度下降了10.87%。\n其他电动车品牌的销量则正在飞速赶超，比如比亚迪6月份交付了40317辆新能源车，上汽通用五菱6月份交付31285辆。国内造车新势力蔚来6月份单月交付量首次超过8000台（8083台），同比增长116.1%。这些原先特斯拉不屑一顾的小弟，如今已经崛起甚至开始抢夺特斯拉的地盘。\n资料来源/公司官网、乘联会\n安全事故的负面舆论，的确对特斯拉二季度的中国市场带来了影响。\n投资人以及分析师都在观望特斯拉能否处理好在中国市场的舆论危机。“对特斯拉来说，中国的增长故事是最重要的。”韦德布什（Wedbush Securities）的证券分析师就曾指出：“这是特斯拉的主要市场，我们相信他们明年40%的销售额将来自那里。我认为这是股价上涨或下跌的关键。”\n为了留在中国，特斯拉正在“补课”。比如，6月26日，特斯拉计划召回28.5万辆进口Model 3及国产Model 3、Model Y，并且破天荒地对此次召回事件深表歉意。\n炒比特币亏了2300万美元\n尽管特斯拉已经连续几个季度都实现了正向盈利，但这其中水分不少。比如，2021年一季度，特斯拉4.38亿美元的净利润，有5.18亿美元的碳排放积分收入和炒比特币赚的1.01亿美元做支撑。\n资料来源/公司财报\n二季度，特斯拉11.42亿美元的净利润超出市场预期，这也是它首个季度净利润超过10亿美元。\n谈到特斯拉的财务状况，逃不开的关键词就是碳排放积分收入以及炒比特币。\n一季度，特斯拉靠炒币赚了1.01亿美元。但比特币的价格自4月份的峰值以来已经下跌了大约一半。从财报中的披露来看，二季度，特斯拉因为比特币价格暴跌，账面计提了2300万美元的亏损。\n很长一段时间以来，特斯拉的碳排放积分收入都很高，是盈利的重要来源。但是，卖碳排放积分终究不是长久之计。如今，特斯拉已经失去了一位“大客户”。向特斯拉买碳排放积分的大客户菲亚特汽车公司（FCA），已经在1月宣布和PSA合并为Stellantis集团，引入PSA的电动车业务，由此FCA不再向特斯拉购买积分。\n二季度，特斯拉的碳排放积分同比减少了17%，仅为3.54亿美元，比前四个季度中的任何一个季度都低。\n来源/公司财报\n不依靠碳积分这门生意后，特斯拉如何实现了净利润的增长？\n卖车是一方面。特斯拉在二季度交付了超过两万辆Model 3和Model Y，Model S的销量仅为1895辆。Model Y的大获成功显然提振了特斯拉的业绩。而特斯拉的整车毛利率也在不断提高，已经达到了28.4%。财报披露，特斯拉的供应链成本正在不断降低。\n除此之外，特斯拉更大的野心在于卖软件。国泰君安证券研究认为，特斯拉未来的盈利模式已经非常确定，把硬件价格做得很低，基本上能以成本价卖，更多通过后端软件市场来收费，实现盈利。\n如今，特斯拉正在逐渐实现它的卖软件计划。7月初，特斯拉车主期待已久的“完全自动驾驶（Full Self-Driving，以下简称FSD）”系统正式对外开放，该系统被称为beta 9。最近，特斯拉又推出了全自动驾驶订阅包，新用户为每月199美元，此前，特斯拉以10000美元一次性完全支付的方式销售完全自动驾驶套餐。\n知名科技分析师吉恩-蒙斯特（Gene Munster）在一份报告中写道，订阅选项可以加速FSD的采用。这是特斯拉提高利润率的长期道路上的重要一步，将加强该公司的运营模式。\n工厂迟迟不开工，新产品又要跳票？\n上半年的业绩亮眼，但特斯拉不能松口气。\n要实现今年销量增长率50%的目标，特斯拉必须加快全球化的布局以及生产。\n在二季度，通过电话会议，特斯拉传递了这么几个信息，首先是，上海超级工厂完成了作为公司主要汽车出口枢纽的转型。上海工厂正在为特斯拉的全球市场供货。\n接下来的问题就是，特斯拉的柏林和得克萨斯两大工厂什么时候开工生产？\n德国柏林超级工厂是特斯拉的第四座超级工厂。按照计划，德国柏林超级工厂正式投产后，将用于生产电池、动力系统和整车(从生产Model Y开始)。该工厂第一阶段的重点是生产Model Y，目标是每周生产10000辆。此外，4680电池或将率先在德国柏林量产。马斯克曾表示，计划让柏林的电池生产厂年产能达到100GWh，可能扩大到200到250GWh。100GWh已经是当前全球最大电池工厂特斯拉内华达厂产量的两倍多。\n特斯拉最初预计柏林工厂将于2021年7月投产。但是，柏林工厂迟迟审核没有通过。Model Y、4680动力电池等等种种计划不得不搁置。\n在电话会议中，马斯克颇为模糊地回应称，柏林工厂将会在今年晚一些投入生产Model Y。至于具体晚到什么时候，马斯克没再透露。美国这边的得克萨斯工厂倒是发展得比较迅猛。按照马斯克的话说：“一年前什么都没有，一年后有一个几乎完整的大工厂。”电话会议透露，得克萨斯州的工厂已经开始部分调试，也是今年晚些时候生产Model Y。\n市场更为关心的是，4680电池进行到哪一步了？所谓的4680电池顾名思义就是单体电芯直径为46mm、高度为80mm的圆柱形电池。\n\n松下电动汽车电池业务策略主管长崎彰明在一次采访中指出，像4680型电池这种新型电池是“让更廉价电动汽车能够大规模推广的关键所在”。更廉价但效能更高的电池，对于一家高速增长的新能源车企来说至关重要。\n此前，马斯克取消了续航里程最长的Model S Plaid+车型，并推迟了4680电池上市的时间，因为该款车型使用4680电池，因此引发了市场担忧。\n这一次，特斯拉在电话会议中传递出了好消息。特斯拉表示4680电池的开发“已经取得了重大进展”，但“在我们实现批量生产之前，我们还有很多工作要做”，特别是在改进电池的制造工艺方面。并且，马斯克指出，特斯拉正在与其现有供应商合作为其车辆生产4680电池，4680电池已经成功地对其车辆的新设计进行了碰撞测试，这些电池将被安装到结构框架中。\n在工厂、电池之外，特斯拉的电动皮卡Cybertruck，量产依旧遥遥无期。特斯拉表示，在位于得克萨斯州的工厂开始生产 Model Y 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