Excited

1
Comment
Favorite

Jasonteo
2021-07-12

Excited

Decrypting Apple's Mysterious Chip

Apple zai 最近的Spring Loaded Event为我们带来了基于 M1 的 iMac。继秋季推出的 MacBook Air 和 13 英寸 MacBook Pro 之后，iMac 是第

Disclaimer: Investing carries risk. This is not financial advice. The above content should not be regarded as an offer, recommendation, or solicitation on acquiring or disposing of any financial products, any associated discussions, comments, or posts by author or other users should not be considered as such either. It is solely for general information purpose only, which does not consider your own investment objectives, financial situations or needs. TTM assumes no responsibility or warranty for the accuracy and completeness of the information, investors should do their own research and may seek professional advice before investing.

Report

Comment

Top
Latest

No comments yet

Most Discussed

{"i18n":{"language":"en_US"},"data":{"magic":2,"id":146196580,"tweetId":"146196580","gmtCreate":1626057341740,"gmtModify":1703752503199,"author":{"id":3586549737202999,"idStr":"3586549737202999","authorId":3586549737202999,"authorIdStr":"3586549737202999","name":"Jasonteo","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c65e51a6c7aa32f9d87734f24dea5af2","vip":1,"userType":1,"introduction":"","boolIsFan":false,"boolIsHead":false,"crmLevel":11,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"individualDisplayBadges":[],"fanSize":1,"starInvestorFlag":false},"themes":[],"images":[],"coverImages":[],"extraTitle":"","html":"<html><head></head><body>Excited&nbsp;</body></html>","htmlText":"<html><head></head><body>Excited&nbsp;</body></html>","text":"Excited","highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"link":"https://ttm.financial/post/146196580","repostId":2150583935,"repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"2150583935","kind":"news","weMediaInfo":{"introduction":"最有深度的半导体新媒体，实讯、专业、原创、深度，30万半导体精英关注！专注观察全球半导体最新资讯、技术前沿、发展趋势。《摩尔精英》《中国集成电路》共同出品，欢迎订阅摩尔旗下公众号：摩尔精英、摩尔芯闻、摩尔App","home_visible":1,"media_name":"半导体行业观察","id":"1099700132","head_image":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/705285f8deea4d7b8e48df7848a67868"},"pubTimestamp":1626057051,"share":"https://ttm.financial/m/news/2150583935?lang=en_US&edition=fundamental","pubTime":"2021-07-12 10:30","market":"us","language":"zh","title":"Decrypting Apple's Mysterious Chip","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=2150583935","media":"半导体行业观察","summary":"Apple zai 最近的Spring Loaded Event为我们带来了基于 M1 的 iMac。继秋季推出的 MacBook Air 和 13 英寸 MacBook Pro 之后，iMac 是第","content":"Apple zai's recent Spring Loaded Event brought us an M1-based iMac. Following the MacBook Air and 13-inch MacBook Pro launched in the fall, the iMac is the third to give up<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/INTC\">Intel</a>Processor's Mac.It can be said that with this transition, Apple's T2 chip has entered an end-of-life state. T2 is a bit of a mystery, and now there's not much time left.We know it performs a wide range of tasks on Mac, including security, encryption, video processing, storage control, and housekeeping. Zai An article from Apple Insider in 2019 China, tested the encoding time of Macs with the same processor, one with T2 and the other without. The results show that the Mac with T2 performs encoding in 1/2 of the time.Despite all these features, we know very little about the T2. There isn't much information around at all. Wikipedia doesn't even report chip sizes or process nodes.<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AAPL\">Apple</a>Has a completely new chip been designed? How much is referenced from the A-series family? How much do new designs cost? How much money does Apple invest in implementing the features it needs for the Mac?It's time to look at the T2 and find out what Apple has created for its Intel-based Mac coprocessor.Encapsulation and Memory TipsThe T2 under study comes from a 13-inch MacBook Air logic board from 2019. The T2's package has a decent footprint compared to other ICs around it. By comparison, the larger shiny chip between the four mounts on the right side of the T2 is the Intel i5. Depending on the packaging, it is conceivable that T2 has similar dimensions. The packaging has a \"1847\" date code indicating late 2018 assembly.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/d42f0bdf6ab62ef175de8a78b3b002e2\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"306\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">2019 13-inch MacBook Air Logic BoardOne in the late 2018 MacBook Air teardown just listed the T2 number. However, a teardown of a 15-inch MacBook Pro in 2019 indicated that the T2 was \"layered on 1 GB of Micron D9VLN LPDDR4 memory\". Our package also includes the \"D9VLN\" mark. Micron's decoder points to 1GB LPDDR4. T2 and memory may employ a package-on-package (PoP) arrangement.After disassembling the package, a second die was found. The markings visible on the top metal are Micron's. For companion ICs or coprocessors, including DRAM in the package is interesting, not to mention costly. This is not surprising, however, considering the T2 is derived from the A-series that has long had DRAM.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/5e6ddef69932ea7c3902e7efc0d67d15\" tg-width=\"723\" tg-height=\"481\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">Top metal chip marker for the second chip in the T2 package.Die Photo and \"PU\"Now it's time for the big event. SEM analysis of several line spacings and 6T SRAM cell sizes confirmed that T2 was fabricated in the TSMC16 nm process. This is the same node as the A10, so the latter will serve as a reference A-series processor and can be compared to the T2.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/9e80e816057f558ca6e32c5850040a44\" tg-width=\"779\" tg-height=\"873\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">Photo of the T2 chip with CPU and GPU annotations.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/8e281e00a8c6733dca428f869c83b21d\" tg-width=\"554\" tg-height=\"582\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">Photo of A10 die with original annotation. Source: ChipworksVisually, the CPU is the first thing to jump out. It has the same design and layout as the A10. Assuming that T2 is designed after A10, then the CPU is discarded as a hard macro. Remember it's a 4-core CPU! There are two performance cores, i.e. large Hurricane cores and two efficiency (i.e. small Zephyr) cores.This is pretty powerful considering the main system processor already has an Intel i5.One can only imagine the conversation within Apple. \"Do you have a CPU ready to run?\" \"Yeah … there's a 4-core 17.4 square millimeter design that's only a few months old on the shelf over there.\" \"Great, I'll take one of them.\" Okay, maybe it's more technical.GPUs didn't follow suit. The A10's 6-core GPU is organized into 3 core blocks and one logic block. The T2's GPU appears to be located on the lower edge of the chip. Similarly, the core is organized into 3 blocks. We found no symmetry within these blocks, indicating 3 cores. The GPU logic may be located in a block directly above the kernel, with hash lines surrounding its latent area. Even if all 3 blocks within the area were GPU logic, it would be smaller than identified for A10. More analysis is needed here to confirm the GPU configuration, but it has been suggested that both the logic and cores of the GPU are smaller than those on the A10.Additional block-level analyses are underway. Compared to the A10, we see the blocks used as-is, they feature a new layout, and they feature a completely new design.Early figuresThe T2 measures 9.6 mm x 10.8 mm and the chip size is 104 mm square. It's not a little die! The T2 is a serious processor. This is approximately 80% of the A10's 125 square millimeters.As expected, the CPU has an area of about 17.4 square millimeters on both chips. This yields a higher percentage of the total chips dedicated to CPU in T2. The T2's GPU is much smaller than the A10's. For the cores of the A10, the dimensions of each core are 1.2 mm2 v. 5.3 mm2. Functionally, this makes sense as the task volume of the T2 GPU shouldn't be close to that of the A10 since it's not the primary GPU. Again, there are already Intel embedded graphics or dedicated GPUs on the logic board.Pull threads togetherMore can be extracted from reverse engineering, but this snippet provides a taste of Apple's thinking. As a starting point, Apple looks at user features. One persistent question for Apple seems to be \"What do we want users to experience from Apple products?\" Then they build it. The T2 became Apple's interpretation of an Intel-based Mac, but keep in mind that before the T1, Intel processors flew solo, while the Mac still worked.The T2 takes advantage of the design of the A-series processor, as shown in the CPU. Its 4-core CPU is big, to say the least, and it's hard not to think it's overwhelming for the T2. That said, Apple looks at the cost of the redesign versus the cost of silicon associated with putting in something that might be bigger than what really needs to be. The latter may be more attractive because the wafers of the T2 start to be so far apart from the A10 or any A-series processor. Additionally, the extra horsepower will provide a better experience.The T2 also incorporates standalone ICs found in the Mac. Storage or SSD controllers are an example. Apple acquired Israel's Anobit in 2011. The 2016 13-inch MacBook Pro (with function keys) includes an Apple standalone storage controller (see slide 11). The controller becomes a block on T2. Today, it will be a section on the M1.In the follow-up, we will continue to delve into T2, focusing on known block functionality, its comparison to A10 and looking ahead. Yes, both the T2 and A10 are old designs, but the comparison unleashes information about the use of semiconductor designs and the effort Apple has put into providing the desired user experience.","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Decrypting Apple's Mysterious Chip</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 12.5px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nDecrypting Apple's Mysterious Chip\n</h2>\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n<a class=\"head\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/wemedia/1099700132\">\n\n<div class=\"h-thumb\" style=\"background-image:url(https://static.tigerbbs.com/705285f8deea4d7b8e48df7848a67868);background-size:cover;\"></div>\n\n<div class=\"h-content\">\n半导体行业观察 \n2021-07-12 10:30\n</div>\n</a>\n</h4>\n</header>\n<article>\nApple zai's recent Spring Loaded Event brought us an M1-based iMac. Following the MacBook Air and 13-inch MacBook Pro launched in the fall, the iMac is the third to give up<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/INTC\">Intel</a>Processor's Mac.It can be said that with this transition, Apple's T2 chip has entered an end-of-life state. T2 is a bit of a mystery, and now there's not much time left.We know it performs a wide range of tasks on Mac, including security, encryption, video processing, storage control, and housekeeping. Zai An article from Apple Insider in 2019 China, tested the encoding time of Macs with the same processor, one with T2 and the other without. The results show that the Mac with T2 performs encoding in 1/2 of the time.Despite all these features, we know very little about the T2. There isn't much information around at all. Wikipedia doesn't even report chip sizes or process nodes.<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AAPL\">Apple</a>Has a completely new chip been designed? How much is referenced from the A-series family? How much do new designs cost? How much money does Apple invest in implementing the features it needs for the Mac?It's time to look at the T2 and find out what Apple has created for its Intel-based Mac coprocessor.Encapsulation and Memory TipsThe T2 under study comes from a 13-inch MacBook Air logic board from 2019. The T2's package has a decent footprint compared to other ICs around it. By comparison, the larger shiny chip between the four mounts on the right side of the T2 is the Intel i5. Depending on the packaging, it is conceivable that T2 has similar dimensions. The packaging has a \"1847\" date code indicating late 2018 assembly.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/d42f0bdf6ab62ef175de8a78b3b002e2\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"306\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">2019 13-inch MacBook Air Logic BoardOne in the late 2018 MacBook Air teardown just listed the T2 number. However, a teardown of a 15-inch MacBook Pro in 2019 indicated that the T2 was \"layered on 1 GB of Micron D9VLN LPDDR4 memory\". Our package also includes the \"D9VLN\" mark. Micron's decoder points to 1GB LPDDR4. T2 and memory may employ a package-on-package (PoP) arrangement.After disassembling the package, a second die was found. The markings visible on the top metal are Micron's. For companion ICs or coprocessors, including DRAM in the package is interesting, not to mention costly. This is not surprising, however, considering the T2 is derived from the A-series that has long had DRAM.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/5e6ddef69932ea7c3902e7efc0d67d15\" tg-width=\"723\" tg-height=\"481\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">Top metal chip marker for the second chip in the T2 package.Die Photo and \"PU\"Now it's time for the big event. SEM analysis of several line spacings and 6T SRAM cell sizes confirmed that T2 was fabricated in the TSMC16 nm process. This is the same node as the A10, so the latter will serve as a reference A-series processor and can be compared to the T2.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/9e80e816057f558ca6e32c5850040a44\" tg-width=\"779\" tg-height=\"873\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">Photo of the T2 chip with CPU and GPU annotations.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/8e281e00a8c6733dca428f869c83b21d\" tg-width=\"554\" tg-height=\"582\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">Photo of A10 die with original annotation. Source: ChipworksVisually, the CPU is the first thing to jump out. It has the same design and layout as the A10. Assuming that T2 is designed after A10, then the CPU is discarded as a hard macro. Remember it's a 4-core CPU! There are two performance cores, i.e. large Hurricane cores and two efficiency (i.e. small Zephyr) cores.This is pretty powerful considering the main system processor already has an Intel i5.One can only imagine the conversation within Apple. \"Do you have a CPU ready to run?\" \"Yeah … there's a 4-core 17.4 square millimeter design that's only a few months old on the shelf over there.\" \"Great, I'll take one of them.\" Okay, maybe it's more technical.GPUs didn't follow suit. The A10's 6-core GPU is organized into 3 core blocks and one logic block. The T2's GPU appears to be located on the lower edge of the chip. Similarly, the core is organized into 3 blocks. We found no symmetry within these blocks, indicating 3 cores. The GPU logic may be located in a block directly above the kernel, with hash lines surrounding its latent area. Even if all 3 blocks within the area were GPU logic, it would be smaller than identified for A10. More analysis is needed here to confirm the GPU configuration, but it has been suggested that both the logic and cores of the GPU are smaller than those on the A10.Additional block-level analyses are underway. Compared to the A10, we see the blocks used as-is, they feature a new layout, and they feature a completely new design.Early figuresThe T2 measures 9.6 mm x 10.8 mm and the chip size is 104 mm square. It's not a little die! The T2 is a serious processor. This is approximately 80% of the A10's 125 square millimeters.As expected, the CPU has an area of about 17.4 square millimeters on both chips. This yields a higher percentage of the total chips dedicated to CPU in T2. The T2's GPU is much smaller than the A10's. For the cores of the A10, the dimensions of each core are 1.2 mm2 v. 5.3 mm2. Functionally, this makes sense as the task volume of the T2 GPU shouldn't be close to that of the A10 since it's not the primary GPU. Again, there are already Intel embedded graphics or dedicated GPUs on the logic board.Pull threads togetherMore can be extracted from reverse engineering, but this snippet provides a taste of Apple's thinking. As a starting point, Apple looks at user features. One persistent question for Apple seems to be \"What do we want users to experience from Apple products?\" Then they build it. The T2 became Apple's interpretation of an Intel-based Mac, but keep in mind that before the T1, Intel processors flew solo, while the Mac still worked.The T2 takes advantage of the design of the A-series processor, as shown in the CPU. Its 4-core CPU is big, to say the least, and it's hard not to think it's overwhelming for the T2. That said, Apple looks at the cost of the redesign versus the cost of silicon associated with putting in something that might be bigger than what really needs to be. The latter may be more attractive because the wafers of the T2 start to be so far apart from the A10 or any A-series processor. Additionally, the extra horsepower will provide a better experience.The T2 also incorporates standalone ICs found in the Mac. Storage or SSD controllers are an example. Apple acquired Israel's Anobit in 2011. The 2016 13-inch MacBook Pro (with function keys) includes an Apple standalone storage controller (see slide 11). The controller becomes a block on T2. Today, it will be a section on the M1.In the follow-up, we will continue to delve into T2, focusing on known block functionality, its comparison to A10 and looking ahead. Yes, both the T2 and A10 are old designs, but the comparison unleashes information about the use of semiconductor designs and the effort Apple has put into providing the desired user experience.\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/8a1a8c5698b6f32ee1637556a15bb35b","relate_stocks":{"AAPL":"苹果"},"is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"2150583935","content_text":"Apple zai 最近的Spring Loaded Event为我们带来了基于 M1 的 iMac。继秋季推出的 MacBook Air 和 13 英寸 MacBook Pro 之后，iMac 是第三款放弃英特尔处理器的 Mac。\n可以说，随着这种转变，Apple 的 T2 芯片进入了生命周期终结状态。T2 有点像一个谜，现在剩下的时间不多了。\n我们知道它在 Mac 上执行广泛的任务，包括安全、加密、视频处理、存储控制和内务管理。zai Apple Insider 2019年的一篇文章中国，测试了具有相同处理器的 Mac 的编码时间，其中一个有 T2，另一个没有。结果显示，带有 T2 的 Mac 以 1/2 的时间执行编码。\n尽管有所有这些功能，但我们对 T2 知之甚少。根本没有太多信息四处。维基百科甚至没有报告芯片尺寸或工艺节点。苹果是否设计了全新的芯片？从A系列家族参考了多少？新设计多少钱？Apple 投入多少资金来实现 Mac 所需的功能？\n是时候看看 T2 并找出 Apple 为其基于 Intel 的 Mac 协处理器创造了什么。\n封装和内存提示\n正在研究的 T2 来自 2019 年的 13 英寸 MacBook Air 逻辑板。与周围的其他 IC 相比，T2 的封装具有不错的占用空间。相比之下，T2 右侧四个安装座之间较大的闪亮芯片是英特尔 i5。根据包装，可以设想 T2 具有类似的尺寸。包装上有一个“1847”日期代码，表示 2018 年末组装。\n\n2019 年 13 英寸 MacBook Air 逻辑板\n一个在2018后期的MacBook Air拆解中只是列出了T2编号。然而，在2019年的一个15 英寸 MacBook Pro的拆解表明 T2 “分层在 1 GB 美光 D9VLN LPDDR4 内存上”。我们的封装还包括“D9VLN”标记。美光的解码器指向 1GB LPDDR4。T2 和内存可能采用封装上封装 (PoP) 的排列。\n在拆开封装后，发现了第二个die。顶部金属上可见的标记是 Micron 的。对于配套 IC 或协处理器而言，在封装内包含DRAM 很有趣，更不用说成本高了。然而，考虑到 T2 源自长期以来具有DRAM 的 A 系列，这并不奇怪。\n\nT2 封装中第二个芯片的顶部金属芯片标记。\nDie照片 和“PU”\n现在是重头戏的时候了。 几个线间距和 6T SRAM 单元尺寸的 SEM 分析证实 ，T2 是在 TSMC16 nm 工艺中制造的。这是与 A10 相同的节点，因此后者将作为参考 A 系列处理器，可以与 T2 进行比较。\n\n带有 CPU 和 GPU 注释的 T2 芯片照片。\n\n带有原始注释的 A10 die照片。资料来源：Chipworks\n从视觉上看，CPU 是第一个跳出来的东西。它的设计和布局与 A10 相同。假设 T2 是在 A10 之后设计的，那么 CPU 就作为一个硬宏（hard macro）被丢弃了。记住它是一个 4 核 CPU！有两个性能，即大型Hurricane内核和两个效率（即小型 Zephyr ）内核。\n考虑到主系统处理器已经有一个英特尔 i5，这是相当强大的。\n人们只能想象 Apple 内部的对话。“你有准备好运行的 CPU 吗？” “是的……那边架子上有一个只有几个月大的 4 核 17.4 平方毫米的设计。” “太好了，我要其中之一。” 好吧，也许它更具技术性。\nGPU 没有效仿。A10 的 6 核 GPU 被组织为 3 个核心块和一个逻辑块。T2 的 GPU 似乎位于芯片的下边缘。同样，核心被组织为 3 个块。我们没有发现这些块内的对称性，表明有 3 个核心。GPU 逻辑可能位于内核正上方的块中，其中散列线围绕它的潜在区域。即使该区域内的所有 3 个块都是 GPU 逻辑，它也会比为 A10 识别的要小。这里需要更多的分析来确认 GPU 配置，但有人建议 GPU 的逻辑和内核都比 A10 上的要小。\n其他块级分析正在进行中。与 A10 相比，我们看到了按原样使用的块，它们采用了新的布局，并且采用了全新的设计。\n早期数字\nT2 尺寸为 9.6 毫米 x 10.8 毫米，芯片尺寸为 104 平方毫米。这不是一个小die！T2 是一款严肃的处理器。这大约是 A10 的 125 平方毫米的80% 。\n正如预期的那样，CPU在两个芯片上的面积约为 17.4 平方毫米。这在 T2 中专用于 CPU 的总芯片中产生了更高的百分比。T2 的 GPU 比 A10 的要小得多。对于 A10 的核心，每个核心的尺寸为 1.2 平方毫米 v. 5.3 平方毫米。从功能上讲，这是有道理的，因为 T2 GPU 的任务量不应与 A10 接近，因为它不是主要 GPU。同样，逻辑板上已经有英特尔嵌入式图形或专用 GPU。\n将线（thread）拉在一起\n从逆向工程中可以提取出更多内容，但是这个片段提供了 Apple 思想的味道。作为起点，Apple着眼于用户功能。Apple 的一个持续问题似乎是“我们希望用户从 Apple 产品中体验什么？” 然后他们建造它。T2 成为 Apple 对基于 Intel 的 Mac 的解释，但请记住，在 T1 之前，Intel 处理器是单飞的，而 Mac 仍然可以工作。\nT2 利用了 A 系列处理器的设计，如 CPU 中所示。至少可以说，它的 4 核 CPU 很大，很难不认为它对 T2 来说是压倒性的。也就是说，Apple 会考虑重新设计的成本与与放入可能比真正需要的更大的东西相关的硅成本。后者可能更有吸引力，因为 T2 的晶圆开始与 A10 或任何 A 系列处理器相距甚远。此外，额外的马力将提供更好的体验。\nT2 还整合了 Mac 中的独立 IC。存储或 SSD 控制器就是一个例子。苹果在2011 年收购了以色列的 Anobit 。2016 年的 13 英寸 MacBook Pro（带功能键）包含一个 Apple 独立存储控制器（参见幻灯片 11）。控制器变成了 T2 上的一个块。今天，它将成为 M1 上的一个部分。\n后续，我们将继续深入研究 T2，专注于已知的块功能，它与 A10 的比较并展望未来。是的，T2 和 A10 都是旧设计，但比较释放了有关半导体设计使用的信息以及 Apple 为提供所需的用户体验而付出的努力。","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{"AAPL":0.9}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2296,"commentLimit":10,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false,"reportStatus":false,"symbols":[],"verified":2,"subType":0,"readableState":1,"langContent":"EN","currentLanguage":"EN","warmUpFlag":false,"orderFlag":false,"shareable":true,"causeOfNotShareable":"","featuresForAnalytics":[],"commentAndTweetFlag":false,"andRepostAutoSelectedFlag":false,"upFlag":false,"length":7,"xxTargetLangEnum":"ORIG"},"commentList":[],"hasMoreComment":false,"orderType":2}